Essential oils are concentrated liquids that are extracted from various parts of plants such as flowers, leaves, stems, and roots. They contain highly aromatic compounds that give them their distinctive fragrances and therapeutic properties.
When essential oils are inhaled or applied topically, these aromatic compounds interact with the body through several mechanisms. Here are a few ways that essential oils work with science:
- Smell: When you inhale an essential oil, the odor molecules travel up the nostrils and stimulate the olfactory system, which is the part of the brain responsible for smell. This triggers a response in the limbic system, which is the part of the brain responsible for emotions, memories, and behavior. This is why certain scents can have a calming or uplifting effect on our mood.
- Absorption: Essential oils can be absorbed through the skin when applied topically. Once absorbed, the active compounds in the oils can enter the bloodstream and be distributed throughout the body. This is why some essential oils are used for localized pain relief or to support skin health.
- Chemical reactions: The active compounds in essential oils can interact with the body at a molecular level, causing chemical reactions that can have therapeutic effects. For example, certain essential oils contain compounds that have anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, or antiviral properties.
- Homeostasis: Essential oils can help promote homeostasis in the body, which is the balance of physiological processes that maintain overall health and wellness. Some essential oils have adaptogenic properties, meaning they can help the body adapt to stress and support immune function.
It’s important to note that while essential oils can have many therapeutic benefits, they should be used with caution and under the guidance of a qualified healthcare practitioner. Some essential oils can be irritating or even toxic if used improperly. Always dilute essential oils in a carrier oil before applying topically, and never ingest essential oils unless under the guidance of a trained professional.